Países / Bulgaria
Derecho de autor e inteligencia artificial en Bulgaria
Dos fallos de apelación afirman que la creación íntegramente por IA o sin intervención humana no es obra; sólo la expresión humana original queda parcial.
Investigación abierta. Corte general del Atlas: 31 de agosto de 2026. Cobertura no significa revisión completa ni vigencia certificada.
Explorar Bulgaria en el mapa →Marco y alcance
ZAPSP exige autor persona física. Las decisiones de Sofía 588/2021 y 133/2024 contienen dicta expresos contra creación enteramente por IA, aunque sus hechos no probaron GenAI moderna. Una obra asistida sólo conserva expresión, adaptación, código o selección/arreglo humanos que satisfagan elecciones libres y creativas. Base de datos, fonograma y primera fijación audiovisual son derechos separados.
Limitaciones documentadas
Ninguna de las dos apelaciones fijó un umbral de prompts, parámetros, inpainting o curaduría; la frase amplia de 2021 sobre intervención debe leerse con Painer y Cofemel. No existe registro estatal de obras. CMO, depósito legal, ISBN, financiación, patente, marca o diseño no son concesiones de derecho de autor.
Registro y actos documentados
- Estado
- no_registry
- Resumen
- Seis búsquedas oficiales confirmaron protección automática y ausencia de un procedimiento de examen/grant. Los registros ministeriales cubren gestión colectiva u otras funciones y el depósito nacional preserva publicaciones.
- Actos documentados
Casos nacionales
No hay entradas en esta colección del Atlas. Esto no demuestra que no existan casos.
Procedimientos conocidos
No hay entradas en esta colección del Atlas. Esto no demuestra que no existan casos.
Autoridades reportadas
Sofia Court of Appeal, Decision No. 588/27.09.2021, appellate commercial case No. 607/2021, unique No. 20211001000607
- Nombre
- Sofia Court of Appeal, Decision No. 588/27.09.2021, appellate commercial case No. 607/2021, unique No. 20211001000607
- Cita
- Sofia Court of Appeal, Decision No. 588/27.09.2021, appellate commercial case No. 607/2021, unique No. 20211001000607
- Tribunal
- Апелативен съд - София (Sofia Court of Appeal), 11th Commercial Panel
- Fechas
- Reportado
- 2021-09-27
- Referencias relacionadas
- Estado
- reporte-no-validado-como-resolucion
- Límites
- The full text was retrieved only from Dela, which is not a judicial host. EPEP metadata corroborates the case identifier; it does not authenticate the hosted reasons, holding, ratio, remedy or alleged AI dictum. The item is a lead, not a national criterion or GenAI rule.
- Fuente
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Verificación documentada
- No
- Tipo de evidencia
- nonprimary_judicial_text_unverified
Sofia Court of Appeal, Decision No. 133/28.02.2024, appellate commercial case No. 217/2023, unique No. 20231001000217
- Nombre
- Sofia Court of Appeal, Decision No. 133/28.02.2024, appellate commercial case No. 217/2023, unique No. 20231001000217
- Cita
- Sofia Court of Appeal, Decision No. 133/28.02.2024, appellate commercial case No. 217/2023, unique No. 20231001000217
- Tribunal
- Апелативен съд - София (Sofia Court of Appeal), 9th Commercial Panel
- Fechas
- Reportado
- 2024-02-28
- Referencias relacionadas
- Estado
- reporte-no-validado-como-resolucion
- Límites
- The full text was retrieved only from Dela, which is not a judicial host. EPEP metadata corroborates the case identifier; it does not authenticate the hosted reasons, holding, ratio, remedy or alleged AI dictum. The item is a lead, not a national criterion or GenAI rule.
- Fuente
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Verificación documentada
- No
- Tipo de evidencia
- nonprimary_judicial_text_unverified
Referencias extranjeras comparadas
No hay entradas en esta colección del Atlas. Esto no demuestra que no existan casos.
Referencias de contexto
No hay entradas en esta colección del Atlas. Esto no demuestra que no existan casos.
Doctrina supranacional
No hay entradas en esta colección del Atlas. Esto no demuestra que no existan casos.
Fuentes de la ficha
- Referencia
- Закон за авторското право и сродните му права (ZAPSP), official Ministry of Culture consolidation
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- The operative Bulgarian copyright statute. Article 3 requires creative activity expressed in objective form; article 5 defines the author as the natural person whose creative activity created the work; articles 9 and 11 govern adaptations and selection/arrangement; title II separately creates producer and database rights; article 94b registers collective-management activity, not works.
- Tipo
- national primary legislation / official current consolidation
- Localizador
- articles 2–6, 8–11, 14, 72, 85–90a, 93b–93h and 94b et seq.; amendment history through State Gazette 100/2023 and 70/2024
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Act amending and supplementing ZAPSP, State Gazette No. 100/2023
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Current transposition measure. It does not add a computer-generated-work attribution rule or AI authorship fiction.
- Tipo
- national primary amending legislation / official State Gazette
- Localizador
- promulgated 1 December 2023; final provision states transposition of Directives 2019/789 and 2019/790
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Bulgarian Supreme Court of Cassation, Order No. 3439 of 17 December 2024, cassation commercial case No. 1234/2024
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Refused cassation from Decision 133/2024, making it final. It treats creative activity as case-specific and confirms article 6 burden allocation, but is not a merits GenAI holding.
- Tipo
- official final national supreme-court non-admission order
- Localizador
- pages 1–3 facts and proposed questions; pages 5–6 creative-activity and article 6 reasoning; page 8 operative part
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Sofia City Court, Decision No. 1196 of 31 October 2022, ECLI:BG:DC110:2022:20210902132.001
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- National evidentiary analogue. It treats software as protected when created through a natural person's creative activity and proves authorship through source code, knowledge, modification capability, expert evidence and historical versions.
- Tipo
- national first-instance judgment / official anonymized judicial act
- Localizador
- pages 2–5, natural-person software authorship, source code, technical expertise and archived versions
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Court of Justice of the European Union, Case C-145/10, Eva-Maria Painer
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Requires an author's own intellectual creation reflecting personality through free and creative choices embodied in the work, including choices made using technical means or software.
- Tipo
- binding EU preliminary ruling / official EUR-Lex judgment
- Localizador
- paragraphs 87–94
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Court of Justice of the European Union, Case C-683/17, Cofemel
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Defines a work as original subject matter that is the author's own intellectual creation and is identifiable with sufficient precision and objectivity; technical constraints that leave no creative freedom preclude originality.
- Tipo
- binding EU preliminary ruling / official EUR-Lex judgment
- Localizador
- paragraphs 29–32
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Court of Justice of the European Union, Case C-604/10, Football Dataco
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Copyright in database selection or arrangement requires free and creative choices; labor, skill and effort do not substitute for originality.
- Tipo
- binding EU preliminary ruling / official EUR-Lex judgment
- Localizador
- paragraphs 37–42
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Directives 2001/29/EC, 2009/24/EC and 96/9/EC
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Harmonizes authors' rights, software originality and database copyright/sui-generis protection. None attributes autonomous machine output to the user or system owner.
- Tipo
- binding EU legislation
- Localizador
- InfoSoc article 2(a); Software Directive article 1(3); Database Directive articles 3 and 7
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- WIPO Questionnaire on Registration and Deposit Systems — Bulgaria response
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- States expressly that copyright is not subject to registration in Bulgaria and distinguishes anti-piracy carrier transactions, artistic-group names and collective-management organizations from work registration.
- Tipo
- official government-supplied institutional response hosted by WIPO
- Localizador
- page 1, questions 1–8; page 2, legal effect
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Bulgaria Ministry of Economy and Industry — Responsible institutions for protection and complaints
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Confirms automatic copyright and separates copyright from registrable patents, trademarks and designs.
- Tipo
- official government guidance
- Localizador
- copyright section, lines stating that protection arises at creation and no public-register declaration is necessary
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Bulgaria Ministry of Culture — collective-management administrative services
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Shows that registration certificates and refusals under article 94b concern collective-rights-management activity, not copyright merits of individual works.
- Tipo
- official current administrative-service page
- Localizador
- registration for collective-management activity, amendment and certificate procedures
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- National Library of Bulgaria — digital mandatory deposit
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Establishes a legal-deposit channel for publications, not a copyright examination, grant or denial.
- Tipo
- official legal-deposit institutional guidance
- Localizador
- deposit of online books and serials in EPUB/PDF; preservation and access conditions
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
- Referencia
- Council of Ministers public-information platform, Ministry of Culture access decision of 11 March 2026
- Enlace
- Consultar fuente
- Autoridad
- Limits the negative inference from public enforcement searches: some inspection details are nonpublic. It does not create a work registry or imply an AI grant.
- Tipo
- official administrative access-to-information decision
- Localizador
- refusal to disclose detailed copyright inspection files under official-secrecy grounds and ZAPSP article 98(3)
- Verificación documentada
- Sí
Alcance de la confianza documental
alta regla / media GenAIBúsquedas y límites de los resultados sin casos
- verified absence
- No
- vocabularies
- Nota
- La ausencia todavía debe enlazarse con el ledger de búsquedas de esta jurisdicción.
Enlaces a expedientes individuales