Países / Tunisia

Derecho de autor e inteligencia artificial en Tunisia

La ley vigente protege expresión original y la guía oficial de OTDAV afirma que la titularidad originaria siempre nace en personas físicas. Ninguna disposición atribuye al usuario, desarrollador, empleador, comitente o productor la expresión determinada por el modelo. La expresión humana, la transformación original y la selección o disposición originales pueden calificar; el output autónomo no califica bajo la interpretación oficial actual. El depósito aporta prueba refutable y no es una concesión sustantiva.

Investigación abierta. Corte general del Atlas: 31 de agosto de 2026. Cobertura no significa revisión completa ni vigencia certificada.

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Marco y alcance

Bajo la interpretación oficial expresa de OTDAV de que la titularidad originaria siempre nace en personas físicas, un output determinado por el modelo y sin expresión humana original no debe tratarse como obra protegida en Túnez. Pago, prompts de objetivos, un clic, propiedad del modelo, empleo, encargo, propiedad del archivo o fijación no sustituyen la creación humana. La ley no contiene una ficción contraria para obras generadas por ordenador.

Limitaciones documentadas

No se localizó una decisión nacional de fondo sobre autoría de outputs GenAI. El poder judicial no ofrece un corpus completo de texto íntegro con búsqueda por palabras y varias decisiones conocidas de derecho de autor no están publicadas. No estuvo disponible el texto primario íntegro, la disposición completa ni el coram de la apelación 35471; la entrada se limita de forma transparente a reportes académicos. OTDAV no publica un corpus completo identificado de depósitos individuales ni decisiones motivadas sobre paternidad u originalidad. Ningún umbral nacional precisa cuándo prompts, iteraciones, selección de seed, inpainting, curaduría o edición se vuelven expresión humana suficientemente original. Las páginas de afiliación de OTDAV admiten personas naturales o jurídicas en ciertas categorías, mientras su explicación autoral dice que la titularidad originaria siempre comienza en personas naturales; la segunda es la interpretación de autoría y la primera sólo elegibilidad de asignación o gestión.

Registro y actos documentados

Estado

no_registry

Resumen

Túnez ofrece un depósito opcional, no un registro que conceda sustantivamente derecho de autor. La ley da al depósito valor probatorio refutable y OTDAV afirma que sólo los tribunales deciden paternidad y originalidad. Un número de depósito, afiliación o asiento de gestión colectiva en WIPO Connect no puede codificarse como concesión.

Actos documentados

Casos nacionales

Maréchal v. Saliba

Nombre

Maréchal v. Saliba

Cita

Tribunal correctionnel de Tunis, audience du 9 mars 1907, Maréchal c. Saliba

Tribunal

Tribunal correctionnel de Tunis

Instancia

first-instance criminal court

Fechas

Decisión: 1907-03-09

Estado

reported full decision in the institutional journal of the Berne Union

Resultado

Saliba was convicted, fined 25 francs, ordered to pay the Maréchal spouses 100 francs in civil damages, and the infringing photographs were confiscated.

Resumen

The photograph was a protected artistic work and Saliba knowingly infringed it.

Antecedentes

The Maréchal spouses had obtained the Bey's authorization to photograph him and created a portrait intended for commercial reproduction. Saliba sold postcard reproductions of their photograph. He continued after a bailiff's warning dated 1906-09-05; a further bailiff's report dated 1907-02-28 recorded sales in his shop.

Historia procesal

The spouses joined the criminal infringement proceeding as civil parties. The published decision resolves guilt, civil damages and confiscation at first instance; no appeal history for this Tunisian decision was published in the located report.

Cuestión jurídica

Whether creation of a photographic plate was an unprotected purely mechanical operation, particularly when photographs were not expressly enumerated in the 1889 decree, or an artistic work reflecting personal creation.

Criterio

The photograph was a protected artistic work and Saliba knowingly infringed it.

Fundamento decisivo

A technically mediated output is protectable when identifiable human choices in pose, composition and light make the production personal rather than purely mechanical.

Límites

Protectorate-era first-instance ruling under the repealed Beylical decree of 15 June 1889; photography, not software or GenAI; no modern test of prompt control; no published appellate treatment located.

Relevancia

doctrina-general

Referencias relacionadas

Peso del precedente

Historical persuasive national authority only. It is not binding current precedent and arose under repealed law, but the full reasoning and result are institutionally reproduced. Integración/votación: The judge names, court composition and vote were not published in the located report; a single first-instance disposition is reproduced.

Fuente

Referencia: Maréchal v. Saliba
Enlace: Consultar fuente
Autoridad: Bureau international de l'Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
Tipo: institutional reproduction of the decision
Fecha de comprobación: 2026-08-30
Localizador: printed p 65; PDF pp 8-10, heading, factual recitals, reasoning and dispositif
Verificación documentada: Sí

Société tunisienne de l'édition v. Mohamed Karrou and Société tunisienne de diffusion

Nombre

Société tunisienne de l'édition v. Mohamed Karrou and Société tunisienne de diffusion

Cita

Tribunal de première instance de Tunis, affaire n° 4006, jugement inédit du 29 décembre 1975

Tribunal

Tribunal de première instance de Tunis

Instancia

first-instance civil court

Fechas

Decisión: 1975-12-29

Estado

unpublished judgment; detailed institutional report by WIPO

Resultado

All requested destruction, payment and moral-damage claims were dismissed.

Resumen

The research and verification were not an original personal creation and created no copyright; the contractual bases also failed.

Antecedentes

The publishing company claimed contracts with the heirs of poet Abou Kacem Echebbi concerning the collection Les Chansons de la vie. It asserted that verifying the complete original poem text and researching poem dates and circumstances conferred copyright. Mohamed Karrou's Abou Kacem Echebbi, sa vie, ses poèmes, published by the Société tunisienne de diffusion, contained most poems in the claimed collection.

Historia procesal

The publisher sought destruction of all copies, the value of all printed copies and 5,000 dinars for moral harm. The first-instance court rejected the claims. The judgment was unpublished; the located WIPO report identifies docket and date but no appeal.

Cuestión jurídica

Whether textual verification and research into dates and circumstances of pre-existing poems constituted an original and personal creation capable of copyright, and whether the claimed publishing contracts were opposable.

Criterio

The research and verification were not an original personal creation and created no copyright; the contractual bases also failed.

Fundamento decisivo

Labor, verification and factual research, without original personal expression, do not themselves generate copyright.

Límites

First-instance, unpublished, under the repealed 1966 Act; the report is an institutional secondary account rather than a primary judgment image; much of the disposition also rested on contract formalities.

Relevancia

doctrina-general

Referencias relacionadas

Peso del precedente

Persuasive national first-instance analogy only, weakened by repeal of the governing Act and absence of the primary judgment text. Integración/votación: Coram, individual judge names and voting information were not published; the decision is identified as an unpublished first-instance judgment.

Fuente

Referencia: Société tunisienne de l'édition v. Mohamed Karrou and Société tunisienne de diffusion
Enlace: Consultar fuente
Autoridad: World Intellectual Property Organization
Tipo: WIPO institutional case report; primary judgment unpublished
Fecha de comprobación: 2026-08-30
Localizador: Le Droit d'auteur, June 1984, printed p 262; PDF p 23; docket corroboration in April 1988, printed p 248, footnote 29
Verificación documentada: Sí

Héritiers de Marzouki v. SATPEC and Taïeb Louhichi

Nombre

Héritiers de Marzouki v. SATPEC and Taïeb Louhichi

Cita

Tribunal de première instance de Tunis, affaire n° 54823 du 19 mars 1984, inédite

Tribunal

Tribunal de première instance de Tunis

Instancia

first-instance civil court

Fechas

Decisión: 1984-03-19

Estado

unpublished judgment; detailed institutional report by WIPO

Resultado

The heirs' action was dismissed.

Resumen

The claimed material was not an original work of Marzouki and defendants had merely drawn on Tunisian folklore.

Antecedentes

The film L'Ombre de la terre used parts associated with the story Ezzazia El Hilalia. The heirs of poet Marzouki sued producer SATPEC and director Taïeb Louhichi, alleging that the film reproduced passages from Marzouki's work. Defendants said the story came from Tunisian folklore, a national heritage not open to individual appropriation.

Historia procesal

The heirs brought the action in the Tunis first-instance court. The located WIPO account records dismissal and identifies case number and date; no appeal or later treatment of this particular case was reported.

Cuestión jurídica

Whether Marzouki's version supplied original protectable expression appropriated by the film or merely reproduced well-known folkloric poems.

Criterio

The claimed material was not an original work of Marzouki and defendants had merely drawn on Tunisian folklore.

Fundamento decisivo

Reproduction of public or folkloric material, without an original personal contribution, does not create an exclusive copyright claim over that source material.

Límites

Unpublished first-instance judgment under the repealed 1966 law; WIPO supplies a report, not the primary judgment; folklore has a later special statutory regime in article 7 of the 1994 Act; it does not define GenAI control.

Relevancia

doctrina-general

Referencias relacionadas

Peso del precedente

Persuasive national first-instance analogy only, limited by nonpublication and later statutory change. Integración/votación: Coram, individual judge names and voting information were not published; the case is reported as an unpublished first-instance decision.

Fuente

Referencia: Héritiers de Marzouki v. SATPEC and Taïeb Louhichi
Enlace: Consultar fuente
Autoridad: World Intellectual Property Organization
Tipo: WIPO institutional case report; primary judgment unpublished
Fecha de comprobación: 2026-08-30
Localizador: Le Droit d'auteur, April 1988, printed p 249; PDF p 78; footnote 34 identifies case no. 54823 and date
Verificación documentada: Sí

Etablissement des journaux El Anwar et El Ousboua El Mousawar v. Abdelhamid Slama

Nombre

Etablissement des journaux El Anwar et El Ousboua El Mousawar v. Abdelhamid Slama

Cita

Cour d'appel de Tunis, arrêt n° 35471 du 12 février 1997, inédit; confirmation du TPI Tunis du 10 janvier 1996

Tribunal

Cour d'appel de Tunis

Instancia

appellate civil court

Fechas

Decisión: 1997-02-12

Estado

unpublished appellate judgment; identified and quoted in Tunisian academic teaching materials; no primary judgment text located

Resultado

First-instance liability was confirmed in relevant part and moral prejudice recognized. The amount and complete appellate dispositif were not available and are not inferred.

Resumen

The underlying rules were not appropriable, but the author's original historical/scientific exposition and distinctive expression remained protected; reproducing extracts without title or author violated the right of paternity and caused moral harm.

Antecedentes

The newspapers El Anwar and El Ousboua El Mousawar reproduced extracts from Abdelhamid Slama's book across multiple issues without identifying the book or its author. The available academic account also reports a dispute over whether the work was original because it treated football rules.

Historia procesal

Slama prevailed in the Tunis first-instance court on 1996-01-10. The newspapers appealed. Appellate decision no. 35471 of 1997-02-12 confirmed liability at least for the protected portions and moral-right violation. The full judgment and exact remedial figures were not published in the located sources.

Cuestión jurídica

Whether a work explaining pre-existing football rules could contain protected original expression and whether unattributed serial reproduction violated Slama's rights.

Criterio

Fundamento decisivo

Unprotected facts or rules and protected human expression must be separated; originality may lie in personal exposition, arrangement and style, and reproduction without attribution can violate moral rights.

Límites

No primary judgment image or official full-text report was located; available accounts are academic teaching and research materials. This is not a GenAI case, and the precise original passages, full remedy and any dissent are unavailable.

Relevancia

doctrina-general

Referencias relacionadas

Peso del precedente

Persuasive appellate national authority under the current 1994 Act, but operational weight is reduced because the decision is unpublished and only secondary quotations were publicly located. Integración/votación: Coram, panel member names and voting information were not published in the located accounts; the case is identified as an unpublished appellate judgment.

Fuente

Referencia: Etablissement des journaux El Anwar et El Ousboua El Mousawar v. Abdelhamid Slama
Enlace: Consultar fuente
Autoridad: Tunisian academic teaching material quoting the unpublished judgment
Tipo: secondary academic report; primary judgment unavailable
Fecha de comprobación: 2026-08-30
Localizador: academic course footnote identifying CA Tunis no. 35471, 1997-02-12, and quoted passage on moral prejudice; source search excerpt and document pp 7-8; complete primary pinpoint unavailable
Verificación documentada: Sí